Python For Beginners

Python For Beginners

Welcome! Are you completely new to programming? If not then we presume you will be looking for information about why and how to get started with Python. Fortunately an experienced programmer in any programming language would pick up Python very quickly. It's easy for beginners to use and learn, so jump in!

Installing

Installing Python is generally easy, and nowadays many Linux and UNIX distributions include a recent Python. Even some Windows computers come with Python already installed. If you need to install Python and aren't confident about the task you can find a few notes but installation is unremarkable on most platforms.

Learning

Before getting started, you may want to find out which IDEs and text editors are tailored to make Python editing easy, browse the list of introductory books, or look at code samples that might helpful.

There is a list of tutorials suitable for experienced programmers. There is also a list of resources in other languages which might be useful.

The online documentation is the first port of call for definitive information. There is a fairly brief tutorial that gives the basic information about the language and gets started. Follow this by looking at the library reference for a full description of Python libraries and the language reference for a complete explanation of Python's syntax. If you are looking for common Python recipes and patterns, browse the Active State Python Cookbook.

Looking for Something Specific?

If you want to know whether a particular application, or a library with particular functionality, is available in Python there are a number of possible sources of information. The Python web site provides a Python Package Index (also known as the Cheese Shop, a reference to the Monty Python script of that name). There is also a search page for a number of sources of Python-related information. Failing that, just Google for a phrase including the word ''python'' and get the result. If all fails, ask on the python newsgroup is a good chance someone will put you on the right track.

Benefits of Python over Other Programming Language

Python

Python is an interpreted, interactive, high level programming language similar to PERL that has gained the popularity because of its clear syntax and readability which is easy to learn and portable.

Benefits of Python

Presence of Third Party Modules

The Python Package Index (PyPI) contains numerous third-party modules which make Python capable of interacting with most of the other languages and platforms.

Extensive Support Libraries

Python provides a large standard library that includes areas like internet protocols, string operations, web services tools and operating system interfaces. Many high use programming tasks have already been scripted into the standard library that reduces length of code to be written significantly.

Open Source and Community Development

Python language is developed under an OSI-approved open source license, which makes it free to use and distribute, including for commercial purposes.

Its development is driven by the community which collaborates its code through hosting conferences and mailing lists, and provides for its numerous modules.

Learning Ease and Support Available

 Python offers excellent readability and uncluttered simple-to-learn syntax which helps the beginners to utilize this programming language. The code style guidelines, PEP 8, provide a set of rules to facilitate the formatting of code. Mostly the users and active developers resulted in a rich internet resource bank to encourage development and the continued adoption of the language.

User-friendly Data Structures

Python has built-in list and dictionary data structures which is used to construct fast runtime data structures and provides the option of dynamic high-level data typing which reduces the length of support code.

Productivity and Speed

Python has clean object-oriented design, provides enhanced process control capabilities, strong integration, text processing capabilities and its own unit testing framework which contribute to the increase in its speed and productivity which is considered a viable option for building complex multi-protocol network applications.

Applications of Python

GUI based desktop applications.

Ø Image processing and graphic design applications.

Ø Scientific and computational applications.

Ø Games.

Web frameworks and web applications

Enterprise and business applications

Operating systems

Language development

Prototyping

Python Multithreaded Programming

Python Multithreaded Programming

Running several threads is similar to running several different programs concurrently with the following benefits −

·        Multiple threads within a process share the same data space with the main thread and can share information or communicate with each other more easily than if they were separate processes.

·        Threads sometimes called light-weight processes and they do not require much memory overhead; they are cheaper than processes.

A thread has a beginning, an execution sequence, and a conclusion. It has an instruction pointer that keeps track of where its context it is currently running.

·        It can be pre-empted (interrupted)

·        It can temporarily on hold while other threads are running is called yielding.

Starting a New Thread

To spawn another thread, need to call the method available in thread module:

thread.start_new_thread ( function, args[, kwargs] )

This method call enables a fast and efficient way to create new threads in both Linux and Windows.

It is very effective for low-level threading, but the thread module is very limited compared to the newer threading module.

The Threading Module

The newer threading module included with Python 2.4 provides much more powerful, high-level support for threads.

It exposes all the methods of the thread module and provides some additional methods

·        threading.activeCount(): Returns the number of thread objects that are active.

·        threading.currentThread(): Returns the number of thread objects in the caller's thread control.

·        threading.enumerate(): Returns a list of all thread objects that are currently active.

In addition to the methods, the threading module has the Thread class that implements threading. The methods provided by the Thread class are as follows:

·        run(): The run() method is the entry point for a thread.

·        start(): The start() method starts a thread by calling the run method.

·        join([time]): The join() waits for threads to terminate.

·        isAlive(): The isAlive() method checks whether a thread is still executing.

·        getName(): The getName() method returns the name of a thread.

·        setName(): The setName() method sets the name of a thread.

Creating Thread Using Threading Module

To implement a new thread using the threading module to do the following −

·        Define a new subclass of the Thread class.

·        Override the __init__(self [,args]) method to add additional arguments.

·        Then, override the run(self [,args]) method to implement what the thread should do when started.

Synchronizing Threads

The threading module provided with Python includes a simple-to-implement locking mechanism that allows to synchronize threads. A new lock is created by calling the Lock() method, which returns the new lock.

acquire(blocking) - Used to force threads to run synchronously enables to control whether the thread waits to acquire the lock.

release() - Used to release the lock when it is no longer required.

Multithreaded Priority Queue

The Queue module allows to create a new queue object that can hold a specific number of items. There are following methods to control the Queue −

·        get(): The get() removes and returns an item from the queue.

·        put(): The put adds item to a queue.

·        qsize() : The qsize() returns the number of items that are currently in the queue.

·        empty(): The empty( ) returns True if queue is empty; otherwise, False.

·        full(): the full() returns True if queue is full; otherwise, False. 

Python Identifiers

Python Identifiers

A Python identifier is a name used to identify a variable, function, class, module or other object. An identifier starts with a letter A to Z or a to z or an underscore (_) followed by zero or more letters, underscores and digits (0 to 9).

The python does not allow punctuation characters such as @, $, and % within identifiers. Python is a case sensitive programming language. Thus, Manpower and manpower are two different identifiers in Python.

Naming Conventions for Python Identifiers

Class names start with an uppercase letter. All other identifiers start with a lowercase letter.

Starting an identifier with a single leading underscore indicates that the identifier is private.

Starting an identifier with two leading underscores indicates a strongly private identifier.

If the identifier also ends with two trailing underscores, the identifier is a language-defined special name.

General Information about Python

What is Python?

Python is a deciphered, intuitive, protest arranged programming dialect. It fuses modules, exemptions, dynamic writing, abnormal state dynamic information sorts, and classes and consolidates exceptional power with clear language structure. It has interfaces to numerous framework calls, libraries, and in addition to different window frameworks, and is extensible in C or C++. It is an expansion language for applications that need a programmable interface. It is portable and running on numerous UNIX variations, on the Mac, and on PCs under MS-DOS, Windows, Windows NT, and OS/2.

Why it is called Python?

When began implementing Python, Guido van Rossum reading the published scripts from “Monty Python’s Flying Circus”, a BBC comedy series from the 1970s. He thought that he needed a name that was short, unique, and slightly mysterious, so he decided to call the language Python.

Why Python created in first place?

Implementing an interpreted language in the ABC group at CWI has a lot about language design. This is the origin of many Python features, including the use of indentation for statement grouping and the inclusion of very-high-level data types (although the details are all different in Python).

Modula-3 is the origin of the syntax and semantics used for exceptions, and some other Python features.

A better way is needed to do system administration by writing either C programs or Bourne shell scripts, since Amoeba had its own system call interface which wasn’t easily accessible from the Bourne shell.

A scripting language with syntax like ABC but access to the Amoeba system calls would fill the need to write an Amoeba-specific language that was generally extensible.

Python was used in the Amoeba project with increasing success, and the feedback made many early improvements. In February 1991, it is posted to USENET.

What Python is good for?

Python is a high-level general-purpose programming language that can be applied to many different classes of problems comes with a large standard library which covers areas such as string processing, Internet protocols (HTTP, FTP, SMTP, XML-RPC, POP, IMAP, CGI programming), software engineering (unit testing, logging, profiling, parsing Python code), and operating system interfaces (system calls, file systems, TCP/IP sockets). A wide variety of third-party extensions are also available.

Learn Python from here and remove ‘L’ from it…!

Future Scope of Python

Future Scope of Python

Python would be a critical piece of Google. Today, many Google engineers utilize Python, and we're searching for more individuals with abilities in this language.  "Python is staying put! What's more, we have motivations to express that”.

Python programming would expand fame among the masses and Linux people group is additionally being utilized by enormous players like Google. Python is a far reaching and real abnormal state programming dialect which is generally connected with Linux area of clients. It is an open source dialect loaning backing to the fundamental programming codes that are in the vogue.

The best part is that python software engineers can compose codes that can be protest arranged, utilitarian or basic in plan. This dialect was composed to give stage autonomy and code lucidness as a main priority. These 2 remarkable elements make this dialect legitimate and versatile and additionally less demanding to get it. The adaptability in which the Python runs same source code on a wide cluster of stages. Python has been depicted as most sorted out and institutionalized dialect by a few clients. With these momentous forces, and versatility over numerous stages, this dialect guarantees a well manufactured vocation ahead for every one of the wannabes.

How the Python having a long way to go

In a late overview directed in online by Linux Journal, Python has been voted as a standout and most loved programming dialect beating any semblance of C, C++ and JAVA. Python world are open source and have a lot of cooperative energy between them.

Python is utilized among worldwide in an extensive variety of environment. Be it as a piece of aptitudes, for corporate, it is being educated at both passage and in addition propelled level. It doesn't end here; utilized by Google machine and enormous ventures like Red Hat, Disney and so forth.

It's adaptable, hearty and thorough programming dialect being highlighted in the 10 most prominent programming dialects utilized as a part of the business.

It has genuine compactness highlights and can be utilized over a large number of stages; its adaptability and extensibility make it cherished by developers.

Comprehension of Python shows comprehension of Linux frameworks. Both the stages are packaged together and Python goes as a standard component for engineers and Linux directors. It is effectively utilized as a part of a large number of business applications.

It is a free and open source being favored over different choices. To rehearse and learn, select some expert in Python programming. It comprehends the ideas and execution. Doubtlessly, Python is not going to blur away until further notice!

Python Training

Python overview

WHY PYTHON?

Python is a beginner friendly language, which enables beginners to build tools and prototypes easily. It has a solid foundation because its methodologies are used in broad range of applications and specially good for data analytics and sciency type stuff having lot of coding tools making statistics easier.

WHAT IS PYTHON?

Python is a translated, intelligent, question situated and abnormal state programming dialect like PERL, which has picked up the ubiquity as a result of its unmistakable linguistic structure and comprehensibility. It was made by Guido Van Rossum, a previous occupant of the Netherlands. Python underpins various programming ideal models which incorporates protest situated, basic, useful programming or procedural styles.

Elements OF PYTHON

Simple to learn, read and keep up.

Convenient, Extendable and Adaptable.

GUI Programming.

Abnormal state dialect, protest situated.

Basic, free and open source.

Involvement of Python in Various Fields

Web Development – Refers to the undertakings connected with creating sites and web improvement which incorporates website composition, web content advancement, and customer side/server side scripting and system security setup.

Amusement Programming – The diversion business for most part uses the term programming which incorporates amusement programming, AI programming, Engine programming, Tools programming and system programming.

Logical Programming - It's a companion audited, open get to diary which gives the ground to look into and down to the earth involvement with programming building situations, apparatuses, dialects, logical and designing registering.

Desktop GUI – Allows the utilization of symbols and visual pointers which associate with electronic gadgets.

Arrange Programming – It includes composing PC programs which would empower procedures to speak with each different over a PC organizes.

Concepts in Python

Information sorts

Restrictive proclamations and circles

List word references

Capacities

Working with strings

Mistake location

Modules

Utilizing python scripts in chameleon

Delimiter work

Job Openings for Python

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